The table below gives the mean power plant energy consumption and CO2 emission to produce 1 kWh of electric energy for the UK as an annual time series. The table shows the non-renewable thermal gross energy consumed at the power station and the mass of CO2 emitted, in order to produce 1 kWh at the consumer's meter. It provides a standardised model for the effect of electricity usage in the UK cement industry, and is not intended to be applicable in any other context. It accounts for a number of factors:
- The mean annual weighting of generator types - e.g. thermal (coal, oil, gas, etc), nuclear, hydro etc.
- The mean annual gross energy conversion efficiency for the thermal plants
- Mean annual pre-consumer energy losses: energy used at the power plant, pumped storage losses and transmission losses
The data are based largely on a critical re-calculation of the DECC historical data supplied by the UK Government, with extrapolation to earlier years based on a knowledge of earlier generation processes.
year | Gross MJ/kWh | CO2 kg/kWh |
---|---|---|
1900 | 68.62 | 6.090 |
1901 | 67.71 | 6.009 |
1902 | 66.64 | 5.915 |
1903 | 65.50 | 5.814 |
1904 | 64.34 | 5.710 |
1905 | 63.15 | 5.604 |
1906 | 61.91 | 5.494 |
1907 | 60.64 | 5.382 |
1908 | 59.32 | 5.265 |
1909 | 57.97 | 5.145 |
1910 | 56.60 | 5.023 |
1911 | 55.20 | 4.899 |
1912 | 53.78 | 4.772 |
1913 | 52.29 | 4.640 |
1914 | 50.54 | 4.481 |
1915 | 48.67 | 4.314 |
1916 | 46.41 | 4.112 |
1917 | 43.78 | 3.878 |
1918 | 41.00 | 3.632 |
1919 | 37.63 | 3.331 |
1920 | 37.11 | 3.292 |
1921 | 32.80 | 2.897 |
1922 | 27.56 | 2.440 |
1923 | 26.36 | 2.334 |
1924 | 24.71 | 2.188 |
1925 | 23.23 | 2.059 |
1926 | 21.82 | 1.929 |
1927 | 20.44 | 1.812 |
1928 | 19.12 | 1.695 |
1929 | 18.56 | 1.645 |
1930 | 19.49 | 1.738 |
1931 | 18.18 | 1.620 |
1932 | 17.17 | 1.532 |
1933 | 16.17 | 1.441 |
1934 | 15.38 | 1.370 |
1935 | 14.76 | 1.314 |
1936 | 14.25 | 1.268 |
1937 | 13.72 | 1.222 |
1938 | 12.87 | 1.145 |
1939 | 12.71 | 1.131 |
1940 | 13.35 | 1.188 |
1941 | 13.63 | 1.213 |
1942 | 13.68 | 1.218 |
1943 | 13.38 | 1.192 |
1944 | 13.77 | 1.226 |
1945 | 13.67 | 1.217 |
1946 | 14.07 | 1.252 |
1947 | 14.08 | 1.251 |
1948 | 14.16 | 1.260 |
1949 | 14.28 | 1.274 |
1950 | 13.76 | 1.228 |
1951 | 13.51 | 1.205 |
1952 | 13.23 | 1.181 |
1953 | 13.04 | 1.163 |
1954 | 13.05 | 1.165 |
1955 | 12.96 | 1.155 |
1956 | 12.90 | 1.147 |
1957 | 12.65 | 1.124 |
1958 | 12.61 | 1.108 |
1959 | 12.50 | 1.090 |
1960 | 13.16 | 1.140 |
1961 | 13.08 | 1.136 |
1962 | 13.03 | 1.133 |
1963 | 12.89 | 1.125 |
1964 | 12.62 | 1.099 |
1965 | 11.82 | 1.024 |
1966 | 11.75 | 1.016 |
1967 | 11.33 | 0.980 |
1968 | 11.13 | 0.966 |
1969 | 11.14 | 0.960 |
1970 | 11.17 | 0.951 |
1971 | 11.35 | 0.958 |
1972 | 11.26 | 0.931 |
1973 | 10.97 | 0.923 |
1974 | 10.69 | 0.883 |
1975 | 10.44 | 0.876 |
1976 | 10.11 | 0.858 |
1977 | 10.18 | 0.865 |
1978 | 10.17 | 0.865 |
1979 | 10.23 | 0.877 |
1980 | 10.23 | 0.886 |
1981 | 9.76 | 0.851 |
1982 | 9.67 | 0.840 |
1983 | 9.36 | 0.815 |
1984 | 9.48 | 0.779 |
1985 | 9.13 | 0.778 |
1986 | 8.96 | 0.778 |
1987 | 9.55 | 0.828 |
1988 | 9.19 | 0.794 |
1989 | 8.79 | 0.761 |
1990 | 9.00 | 0.777 |
1991 | 8.82 | 0.763 |
1992 | 8.58 | 0.735 |
1993 | 7.83 | 0.644 |
1994 | 7.74 | 0.622 |
1995 | 7.79 | 0.613 |
1996 | 7.55 | 0.577 |
1997 | 7.08 | 0.519 |
1998 | 7.29 | 0.534 |
1999 | 7.11 | 0.502 |
2000 | 7.44 | 0.530 |
2001 | 7.53 | 0.546 |
2002 | 7.37 | 0.527 |
2003 | 7.48 | 0.544 |
2004 | 7.57 | 0.545 |
2005 | 7.48 | 0.545 |
2006 | 7.74 | 0.574 |
2007 | 7.81 | 0.563 |
2008 | 7.88 | 0.558 |
2009 | 7.30 | 0.510 |
2010 | 7.39 | 0.516 |
2011 | 6.98 | 0.502 |
2012 | 7.14 | 0.552 |
2013 | 6.68 | 0.515 |
2014 | 6.21 | 0.468 |
2015 | 5.34 | 0.398 |
2016 | 4.79 | 0.322 |
2017 | 4.38 | 0.290 |
2018 | 4.09 | 0.275 |